New Rules for Cryptocurrency Taxation in Russia: What Has Changed Since 2025?

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Since the beginning of 2025, Russia has implemented updated tax regulations governing operations with digital assets. These changes have significantly affected all participants in the cryptocurrency market—from private investors to mining companies.

Legal Status of Cryptocurrencies

According to Federal Law No. 418-FZ, cryptocurrency is now officially recognized as property. This means that all operations with digital assets—including sales, exchanges, or use in payments—are subject to taxation on par with traditional financial instruments.

Tax Rules for Businesses

Legal entities and individual entrepreneurs face stricter regulations:

  • A 25% profit tax rate applies to mining operations and cryptocurrency sales
  • The use of special tax regimes (USN, AUSN, ESHN) is prohibited—only the general taxation system (OSNO) is permitted
  • Mandatory quarterly reporting to the Federal Tax Service (FTS) is required, with fines of up to 40,000 rubles for violations

Regional Restrictions

The new legislation introduces territorial limitations on mining activities:

  • A complete ban in Dagestan, Chechnya, and the DPR/LPR territories until 2031
  • Seasonal restrictions in energy-deficient regions (Irkutsk Oblast, Buryatia, and Zabaykalsky Krai)

FTS Oversight

Tax authorities have been granted expanded powers to monitor transactions:

  • Access to data from cryptocurrency exchanges and banks
  • Blockchain transaction analysis (though technological limitations remain)

Liability for Violations

Failure to pay taxes may result in:

  • Fines of 15-40% of the unpaid amount
  • Penalty interest for each day of delay
  • Criminal liability for large-scale tax evasion (over 2.7 million rubles for individuals and 15 million rubles for businesses)

The cryptocurrency tax reform has made Russia’s digital asset market more transparent while significantly increasing the tax burden on participants. Key changes include:

  • Progressive tax rates for individuals
  • Higher taxes for businesses
  • Regional mining restrictions

Under the current regulations, maintaining accurate records and submitting reports to tax authorities on time has become more important than ever.

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